I-Naringenin-7-O-neohesperidoside;I-Naringin;Isonaringenin CAS No. 10236-47-2
Isingeniso esifushane
Igama lesiNgisi:naringin
Ukusetshenziswa:ingasetshenziswa njengesengezo sokudla, ikakhulukazi ushukela we-gum, iziphuzo ezipholile, njll.
Izici ze-Physicochemical:I-naringin iyinkimbinkimbi ye-glucose, i-rhamnose ne-naringin.Impushana eyikristale emhlophe kuya kokuphuzi.Ngokuvamile, iqukethe amanzi ayikristalu angu-6 ~ 8 anephuzu lokuncibilika elingu-83 ℃.Ukomisa kusisindo esingaguquki ku-110 ℃ ukuze uthole amakristalu aqukethe amanzi ayikristalu angu-2, anephoyinti elincibilikayo elingu-171 ℃.I-Naringin inokunambitheka okubabayo kakhulu, futhi isisombululo esinamanzi esine-concentration ye-20mg / kg sisenokunambitheka okubabayo.Incibilika kancane emanzini, incibilika kalula emanzini ashisayo, i-ethanol, i-acetone ne-glacial acetic acid efudumele.Kunamaqembu e-phenolic hydroxyl esakhiweni, futhi isisombululo saso esinamanzi sine-asidi ebuthakathaka.Umkhiqizo othi "citrus glucoside dihydrochalcone" ngemuva kwe-hydrolysis kanye ne-hydrogenation uyi-sweetener, futhi ubumnandi buphindwe izikhathi ezingaphezu kwe-150 kune-sucrose.
Uhlelo Lokubala izinombolo
Inombolo ye-CAS: 10236-47-2
Inombolo ye-MDL: mfcd00149445
I-EINECS Inombolo: 233-566-4
Inombolo ye-RTECS: qn6340000
Inombolo yepholisi: 102012
Idatha Yempahla Engokoqobo
1. Izinhlamvu: i-naringin iyinkimbinkimbi ye-glucose, i-rhamnose ne-grapefruit gametophyte.Impushana eyikristale emhlophe kuya kokuphuzi.
2. Iphuzu elincibilikayo (º C): 171
3. Inkomba ye-refractive: - 84
4. Ukuzungezisa okuqondile (º): - 91
5. Ukunyibilika: kuncibilika kancane emanzini, kuncibilika kalula emanzini ashisayo, i-ethanol, i-acetone ne-glacial acetic acid efudumele.
Idatha ye-Toxicology
1. Indlela yokuhlola: umgodi wesisu
Umthamo wokudla: 2 mg / kg
Into yokuhlola: igundane legundane
Uhlobo lobuthi: acute
Imiphumela enobuthi: ubuthi obuningiliziwe kanye nemiphumela engemihle ayizange ibikwe ngaphandle kwamanye amanani omthamo obulalayo
2. Indlela yokuhlola: umgodi wesisu
Umthamo wokudla: 2 mg / kg
Into yokuhlola: i-guinea pig
Uhlobo lobuthi: acute
Imiphumela enobuthi: ubuthi obuningiliziwe kanye nemiphumela engemihle ayizange ibikwe ngaphandle kwamanye amanani omthamo obulalayo
Idatha ye-Ecological
Le nto ingase ibe yingozi emvelweni, ngakho-ke ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe emzimbeni wamanzi.
Idatha Yesakhiwo Semolekyuli
1. Inkomba ye-Molar refractive: 135.63
2. Ivolumu ye-Molar (cm3 / mol): 347.8
3. Ivolumu eqondile ye-Isotonic (90.2k): 1103.4
4. Ukuqina kobuso (dyne / cm): 101.2
5.I-polarizability (10-24cm3): 53.76 [2]
Bala Idatha Yekhemikhali
1. Inani eliyisethenjwa lesibalo sepharamitha ye-hydrophobic (xlogp): - 0.5
2. Inani labanikeli bebhondi ye-hydrogen: 8
3. Inombolo yama-hydrogen bond receptors: 14
4. Inombolo yamabhondi amakhemikhali ashintshayo: 6
5. I-Topological molecular polar surface (TPSA): 225
6. Inani lama-athomu asindayo: 41
7. Ukushaja okungaphezulu: 0
8. Ukuba yinkimbinkimbi: 884
9. Inani lama-athomu e-isotopic: 0
10. Thola inani lama-atomic stereocenters: 11
11. Inombolo ye-atomic stereocenters engaqinisekile: 0
12. Nquma inani le-chemical bond stereocenters: 0
13. Inombolo ye-stereocenter yebhondi yamakhemikhali engapheli: 0
14. Inombolo yamayunithi ebhondi ehlangene: 1
Izakhiwo Nokuzinza
Uma isetshenziswa futhi igcinwe ngokuya ngemininingwane, ngeke ibole.
Indlela Yesitoreji
Isikhwama sepulasitiki sebanga lokudla simbozwe nge-kraft paper bag ukuze sifakwe uphawu.Gcina endaweni epholile neyomile.
Inhloso
Isithelo se-Grapefruit sicebile nge-naringin, esingaba ngu-1%.Itholakala ikakhulukazi ku-peel, i-capsule nembewu.Kuyinto ebabayo eyinhloko esithelweni se-grapefruit.I-Naringin inenani eliphakeme kakhulu lezomnotho futhi ingasetshenziswa ukwenza ama-sweeteners amasha e-dihydrochalcone, kanye nezidakamizwa zokuvimbela nokwelashwa kwezifo zenhliziyo, ukungezwani komzimba nokuvuvukala.
1. Ingasetshenziswa njengesithako esidliwayo, ikakhulukazi ushukela we-gum, iziphuzo ezipholile, njll.
2. Ingasetshenziswa njengezinto ezingavuthiwe zokwenziwa koshukela omusha i-dihydronaringin chalcone ne-neohesperidin dihydrochalcone enobumnandi obuphezulu, obungenabo ubuthi namandla aphansi.
Indlela Yokukhipha
I-Naringin incibilika kalula kutshwala nesisombululo se-alkali, futhi ingancibilika emanzini ashisayo.Ngokwalesi sici, i-naringin ivamise ukukhishwa ngendlela ye-alkali kanye nendlela yamanzi ashisayo.Inqubo yokukhiqiza imi kanje: I-Pomelo Peel → ukuchotshozwa → ukuvuza ngamanzi omcako noma amanzi ashisayo → ukuhlunga → ukupholisa kanye nemvula → ukuhlukanisa → ukomisa nokuchoboza → umkhiqizo oqediwe.
Indlela Yamanzi Ashisayo
Inqubo yokukhipha amanzi ashisayo imi kanje: ngemva kokuba ikhasi le-pomelo lichotshoziwe, engeza izikhathi ezingu-3 ~ 4 zamanzi, ukushisa bese ubilisa i-30min, bese ucindezela ukuze uthole i-filtrate.Lesi sinyathelo singaphinda 2 ~ 3 izikhathi.Ngemuva kokuthi i-filtrate igxilwe izikhathi ezi-3 ~ 5, isalokhu (0 ~ 3 ℃) imvula futhi icwebezelise, ihlungwe futhi ihlukaniswe, futhi imvula ingumkhiqizo ongahluziwe.Ingacwengwa ngotshwala noma ngamanzi ashisayo.Le ndlela inokutholwa okuphansi kanye nesikhathi eside semvula.Muva nje, i-Citrus Research Institute ye-Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences ithuthukise indlela, okungukuthi, i-extract iphathwa nge-yeast noma i-pectinase, enciphisa isikhathi semvula futhi ithuthukise isivuno nobumsulwa cishe ngo-20% ~ 30%.Izinsalela ze-pectin ezisele zingasetshenziselwa ukukhipha i-pectin.
Inqubo ye-Alkali
Indlela ye-alkali iwukucwilisa izinsalela zesikhumba emanzini omcako (pH12) isikhathi esingu-6 ~ 8h bese uyicindezela ukuze uthole isihlungi.Faka i-filtrate ebhodweni lesemishi, uyiguqule nge-1:1 hydrochloric acid iye ku-pH 4.1 ~ 4.4, uyishise ibe ngu-60 ~ 70 ℃, futhi uyigcine ifudumele imizuzu engama-40 ~ 50.Bese upholisa ekushiseni okuphansi ukuze ukhiphe i-naringin, qoqa imvula, womise amanzi nge-centrifuge, uwabeke endaweni yokomisa, womise ku-70 ~ 80 ℃, uyichoboze futhi uyigaye ibe yimpushana, okuwumkhiqizo ongahluziwe.Phinda ikristalu ngotshwala obushisayo izikhathi ezi-2 ~ 3 ukuze uthole umkhiqizo omsulwa.
Inqubo Ethuthukisiwe
Ngale ndlela engenhla, ushukela, i-pectin, amaprotheni, i-pigment nezinye izakhi ku-pomelo ikhasi zifaka isisombululo sokukhipha ngesikhathi esifanayo, okuholela ekuhlanzekeni komkhiqizo ophansi kanye ne-multi-step recrystallization yokuhlanzwa.Ngakho-ke, isikhathi sokukhipha side, inqubo iyinkimbinkimbi, futhi i-solvent, amandla kanye nezindleko ziyanda.Ukuze kwenziwe lula inqubo, kuthuthukiswe ukuhlanzeka kwemikhiqizo kanye nokunciphisa izindleko, kuye kwenziwa izifundo eziningi ngenqubo yokutakula i-naringin.U-Li Yan et al.(1997) wasebenzisa i-ultrafiltration ukuze acacise i-naringin extract.Ukuhlanzeka komkhiqizo otholwe nge-crystallization kungakhuphuka kusuka ku-75% wendlela ye-alkali yendabuko kuya ku-95%.Izimo zokusebenza ze-ultrafiltration zimi kanje: ingcindezi 0.15 ~ 0.25MPa, circulating flux 180L / h, pH 9 ~ 10 kanye lokushisa mayelana 50 ℃.I-Japan Itoo (1988) ihlanzwe ngempumelelo i-naringin nge-macroporous adsorption resin diaion HP-20.Wu houjiu et al.(I-1997) iphinde yabika ukuthi ama-resin adsorption amaningana asekhaya ane-adsorption enhle kanye nezakhiwo zokuhlaziya ze-naringin, ezingasetshenziselwa ukuhlukaniswa nokuhlanzwa kwe-naringin.Kafushane, umbhali ubeka phambili inqubo elandelayo ethuthukisiwe.Ishadi lokugeleza limi kanje: Ikhasi le-Pomelo → ukuchoboza → isizinda samanzi ashisayo → ukuhlunga → ukucwenga okukhulu → ukucwenga kwe-ultrafiltration → ukufakwa kwe-resin → isisombululo sokuhlaziya → ukugxilisa ingqondo → ukuvuthwa kwamanzi okupholisa → ukuhlukaniswa → ukoma okuyinkulungwane → umkhiqizo oqediwe.
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